Changes

'''The original Theory of Scientific Change''' (TSC) proposed by Barseghyan in 2015 is a descriptive theory that attempts to explain changes in a [[Scientific Mosaic|scientific mosaic]], i.e. transitions from one [[theory]] to the next and one [[method]] to the next. The current theory of scientific change explains many different aspects set consisting of the process such as [[The Second Law|theory acceptance]] and [[The Third Law|method employment]], [[The First Law|scientific inertia]] and [[The Zeroth Law|compatibility]], [[Mosaic Split and Merge|splitting and merging of scientific mosaics]], [[Scientific Underdeterminism|scientific underdeterminism]], [[Static and Dynamic Methods|changeability of scientific methods]], role of [[Sociocultural Factors|sociocultural factors]], and more. following claims:

== Current View =====What is the theory of scientific change?===[[File:Scientific change.jpg|right|500px]] The ''theory of scientific change (TSC)'Ontology' is a general descriptive social scientific theory of the actual process of [[Scientific_Change|''scientific change'']] stated in axiomatic deductive form. It is the founding theory of the new field of [[Scientonomy|scientonomy]]. It was proposed by Hakob Barseghyan in 2015 in his book 'The Laws of Scientific Change'.

====Methods====* [[Theory Is a Subtype of Epistemic Element (Barseghyan-2015)]]As in the later works * [[Method Is a Subtype of Larry Laudan Epistemic Element (Laudan, 1984Barseghyan-2015), the TSC rejects the idea of ]]* [[Descriptive Theory Is a fixed universal scientific method, and accepts the idea that the methods of science have changed over time. This rejection is based on clear evidence from the history of science that the methods Subtype of science have, in fact, changed Theory (Barseghyan, -2015, p. 3)]]* [[Epistemic Stances Towards Theories - Theory Acceptance (Barseghyan-212015). In contrast to most earlier views of the process of scientific change, TSC draws a clear distinction between methods, which are the implicit standards actually used in theory assessment, and the normative epistemic methodologies espoused by scientists or philosophers of science. The TSC takes normative methodological prescriptions to be outside its scope. It seeks a purely descriptive account of the methods employed by scientists to assess theories ]]* [[Epistemic Stances Towards Theories - Theory Pursuit (Barseghyan, -2015, p. 12)]]* [[Epistemic Stances Towards Theories - Theory Use (Barseghyan-212015). Following the resolution ]]* [[Theory Acceptance Is a Subtype of logical problems by Sebastian Epistemic Stance (2016Barseghyan-2015), it also views the descriptive study ]]* [[Theory Use Is a Subtype of scientific methodologies, and their relationship to employed methods, as within its scope. The TSC rejects Kuhn Epistemic Stance (1977Barseghyan-2015)and Laudan's ]]* [[Theory Pursuit Is a Subtype of Epistemic Stance (1984Barseghyan-2015) distinction between values and methods, asserting that values can more parsimoniously be included within the category of methods. Thus, the value of predictive accuracy is instead seen as the method 'accept theories that are predictively accurate'.]]

Based on strong empirical evidence from the history * [[The First Law (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[The Second Law (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[The Third Law (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[The Zeroth Law (Harder-2015)]]* [[Theory Rejection theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Method Rejection theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Synchronism of science, it accepts the premise that the methods Method Rejection theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Contextual Appraisal theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Necessary Method theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Dogmatism No Theory Change theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Methodology Can Shape Method theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Asynchronism of science have changed over time. Method Employment theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [Sociocultural Factors in Theory Acceptance theorem (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[The Zeroth Law (Harder-2015)]]* [[The Zeroth Law (Harder-2015)]]* [[The Zeroth Law (Harder-2015)]]

It begins by positing the existence of a [[Scientific_Mosaic|''scientific mosaic'Second Order']] consisting of accepted [[Theory|''theories'']] and employed [[Method|''methods'']]. Scientific change is the process by which the contents of the mosaic are altered over time.

=== Axioms =======Zeroth Law==== * [[File: The_Zeroth_Law.png |center|407pxThe Second Law (Barseghyan-2015) is Tautological (Barseghyan-2015)]]

====Second Law====* [[Scope of Scientonomy - Descriptive (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Scope of Scientonomy - Appraisal (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Scope of Scientonomy - Acceptance (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Scope of Scientonomy - Social (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Scope of Scientonomy - All Fields (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Scope of Scientonomy - All Scales (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[File: The_Second_Law.png |center|407pxScope of Scientonomy - All Time Periods (Barseghyan-2015)]]

====Third Law====* [[Response to the Argument from Changeability of Scientific Method (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Response to the Argument from Nothing Permanent (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[Response to the Argument from Bad Track Record (Barseghyan-2015)]]* [[File:The_Third_Law.png|center|407pxResponse to the Argument from Social Construction (Barseghyan-2015)]]

=== Theorems =======Rejection of Elements========Contextual Appraisal========Scientific Underdeterminism========Mosaic Split and Mosaic Merge========Static and Dynamic Methods========Sociocultural Factors========The role of Methodology==== == Open Questions ==  • Question 1 • Question 2 == Related Articles ==  * [[Scientific MosaicAssessment of Scientonomy - Relevant Facts (Barseghyan-2015)]] == Notes ==<references />