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- Berryman (2016a) + (A number of important theorists in ancient … A number of important theorists in ancient Greek natural philosophy held</br>that the universe is composed of physical ‘atoms’, literally ‘uncuttables’.</br>Some of these figures are treated in more depth in other articles in this</br>encyclopedia: the reader is encouraged to consult individual entries on</br>Leucippus, Democritus, Epicurus and Lucretius. These philosophers</br>developed a systematic and comprehensive natural philosophy accounting</br>for the origins of everything from the interaction of indivisible bodies, as</br>these atoms—which have only a few intrinsic properties like size and</br>shape—strike against one another, rebound and interlock in an infinite</br>void. This atomist natural philosophy eschewed teleological explanation</br>and denied divine intervention or design, regarding every composite of</br>atoms as produced purely by material interactions of bodies, and</br>accounting for the perceived properties of macroscopic bodies as produced</br>by these same atomic interactions. Atomists formulated views on ethics,</br>theology, political philosophy and epistemology consistent with this</br>physical system. This powerful and consistent materialism, somewhat</br>modified from its original form by Epicurus, was regarded by Aristotle as</br>a chief competitor to teleological natural philosophy.etitor to teleological natural philosophy.)