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'''Methodology''' is a set of explicitly formulated rules of theory assessment. Openly professed methodologies consist of [[Theory#Descriptive and Normative|normative propositions]] that prescribe how theories ''ought'' to be assessed. Among the most famous examples of methodologies are the inductivist-empiricist methodology of [[John Locke |Locke]] and [[Isaac Newton|Newton]], the probabilist methodology of logical positivism, [[Karl Popper|Popper]]'s falsificationism, [[Imre Lakatos|Lakatos]]'s methodology of scientific research programmes, and the early [[Larry Laudan|Laudan]]'s pragmatist methodology. Importantly, methodologies should not be confused with the actual implicit expectation of a community, i.e. from [[Method|methods]].