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To This encyclopedia cites resources in a semantically meaningful way, i.e. each citation refers to a properly defined [[:Category:Bibliographic Record|bibliographic resource]]. Thus, to add a reference, please make use of <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)]]</nowiki></code> style annotations. Here is an example:
To make this If a citation works, a properly formatted reference will show up in the reference section at the bottom of the page. In order for the citation to work, the bibliographic resource - in this case <code><nowiki>Barseghyan (2015)</nowiki></code> should - must be properly defined using <code><nowiki>{{#scite}}</nowiki></code> templateadded to the encyclopedia's compilation of bibliographical records. To do this, you must first enter the author or authors of the work in the author records. You can do this by visiting the [[:Category:Author|Author record]] page. Here is Instructions for entering an exampleauthor record are available on that page. An author record only needs to be entered once. It can then be used for every bibliographic record created for the works of that author. Next you must create a bibliographic record for the cited work. Do this by visiting the [[: Category:Bibliographic Record|bibliographic record]] page and following the instructions given there and below here. A bibliographic record only needs to be created once. After you have done so, it can then be cited from any page of the encyclopedia.
<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict">{{#scite:Barseghyan (2015) |type=bookArticles in Collections == |author=BarseghyanTo add an article that was published in a collection, Hakobthe collection itself should first be added to the system. There are two basic types of collections: |title=The Laws * collections of Scientific Change articles by ''different'' [[:Category:Author|year=2015authors]]; |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3319175959}}</syntaxhighlight>* collections of articles by ''the same'' author.
Such If an article is in a collection of articles by ''different'' authors, the collection's citation key should include <code><nowiki>(Ed.)</nowiki></code> if it has one editor, or <code><nowiki>{{#scite}}(Eds.)</nowiki></code> entries must be created for all cited resourcesif it has more than one editor. E. While technically these bibliographic entries can be inserted anywhere on the page, we recommend placing them at the end of the article for the sake of consistencyg. :
Importantly, these citation resources can be added to any wiki page. Once defined, the same citation source can be used '''throughout the encyclopedia regardless of where it was defined'''. Thus, there is no need to redefine the same source on different pages. For instance, the above resource can be referenced at any page of the encyclopedia as <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan Zalta (Ed.) (20152016)]]</nowiki></code>[[CiteRef::Zalta (Ed.) (2016)]]
The encyclopedia will automatically add '''References''' section to the bottom of the page<code><nowiki>Lakatos and Musgrave (Eds.) (1970)</nowiki></code>[[CiteRef::Lakatos and Musgrave (Eds.) (1970)]]
== Journal Articles ==Here However, if a collection of papers is a by the same author, we don't add <code><nowiki>{{#scite}}(Ed.)</nowiki></code> template for journal articlesand register that collection as a ''book'', thus:[[CiteRef::Laudan (1989)]]
<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict">{{#scite:Shapere (1980) |type=collection |authorMultiple Resources =Shapere, Dudley |title=The Character of Scientific Change |year=1980 |collectioneditor=Nickles |collectionyear=1980 |pages=61-116}}If two or more resources need to be cited at the same time, please insert as many <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef...]]</nowiki></syntaxhighlightcode>references as necessary, ''without'' separating them by spaces or commas.
== Online Resources ==For online resourcesinstance, please choose one of the above templates and add a following code <code><nowiki> |url=Some text citing 2 resources.[[CiteRef::Kuhn (1970a)]][[CiteRef::Bird (2011)]]</nowiki></code> parameter to indicate produces the url of the resourcefollowing result: Some text citing 2 resources. For instance, an article in ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' will go under the <code><nowiki> |type=collection</nowiki></code>[[CiteRef::Kuhn (1970a)]][[CiteRef::Bird (20132011)]]
<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict">{{#scite:Bird (2013) |type=collection |authorReferences Section =Bird, Alexander |title=Thomas Kuhn |year=2013 |collectioneditor=Zalta |collectionyear=2013 |url=http://platoThe encyclopedia will automatically add '''References''' section to the bottom of each page.stanfordNo additional action is required.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/thomas-kuhn/}}</syntaxhighlight>
If the online == Common Errors ===== Missing Page Numbers ===When a bibliographic resource is cited for a magazine or articlespecific idea, it will go under <code><nowiki> |type=journal</nowiki></code>:[[CiteRef::Allain (2016)]] page numbers are normally required. Simply citing the whole book isn't really helpful; the respective page numbers should be included wherever reasonable.
<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict">{{#scite:Allain (2016) |type=journal |author=Allain, Rhett |titleWrong Year ==Using Gravitational Waves to Pinpoint Colliding Black Holes |journal=Wired |It is tempting to cite the year=2016 |url=http://wwwof first edition of a resource even when a later edition is used.wiredThis is unacceptable, since different editions should have different bibliographic records and should not be confused.com/2016/02/using-gravitational-waves-To avoid confusion, the bibliographic data of the edition that was actually used is to-pinpoint-colliding-black-holes/}}</syntaxhighlight>be entered.
<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict">== wRong cAse ==={{#scite:Nola and Sankey (Edsnote}} The <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef...]]</nowiki></code> tag is Case Sensitive.) (2015) |type=book |authors=NolaThus, Robert and Sankey<code><nowiki>[[Citeref...]]</nowiki></code> tag won't work. Similarly, Howard <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::barseghyan (Eds.2015) |title=After Popper, Kuhn and Feyerabend. Recent Issues in Theories of Scientific Method |year=200 |publisher=Kluwer |isbn=978-1844650859}}]]</nowiki></syntaxhighlightcode>won't work.
Similarly, if a collection has several editors, please use === Beware of Spaces ==={{note}} There is no space after <code><nowiki>|collectioneditors=::</nowiki></code> parameter instead of . Thus, <code><nowiki>|collectioneditor=[[CiteRef:: Bird (2011)]]</nowiki></code> parameter:is invalid. The valid markup is <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Kuhn Bird (1970a2011)]] </nowiki></code>.
<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict">{{#scite:Kuhn (1970a) |type=collection |author=Kuhn, Thomas |titleCitation Before Period or Comma =Reflections on My Critics |year=1970 |collectioneditors=Lakatos and Musgrave |collectionyear=1970 |pages=231-278{{note}}</syntaxhighlight> This is important, as this tells Citations that ''precede'' a comma or a period look ugly[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|p.1]]. They look much better when placed ''after'' the system to use <code><nowiki>(Edsperiod.)</nowiki></code> instead of <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (Ed.2015)</nowiki></code>|p.1]]
{{#scite[[Category:Barseghyan (2015) |type=book |author=Barseghyan, Hakob |title=The Laws of Scientific Change |year=2015 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3319175959}}{{#scite:Laudan (1989) |type=journal |author=Laudan, Larry |title=If It Ain't Broke Don't Fix It |journal=The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science |volume=40 |year=1989 |pages=369-375}}{{#scite:Kuhn (1970a) |type=collection |author=Kuhn, Thomas |title=Reflections on My Critics |year=1970 |collectioneditors=Lakatos and Musgrave |collectionyear=1970 |pages=231-278}}{{#scite:Bird (2013) |type=collection |author=Bird, Alexander |title=Thomas Kuhn |year=2013 |collectioneditor=Zalta |collectionyear=2013 |url=http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/thomas-kuhn/}}{{#scite:Allain (2016) |type=journal |author=Allain, Rhett |title=Using Gravitational Waves to Pinpoint Colliding Black Holes |journal=Wired |year=2016 |url=http://www.wired.com/2016/02/using-gravitational-waves-to-pinpoint-colliding-black-holes/}}{{#scite:Nola and Sankey (Eds.) (2015) |type=book |authors=Nola, Robert and Sankey, Howard (Eds.) |title=After Popper, Kuhn and Feyerabend. Recent Issues in Theories of Scientific Method |year=200 |publisher=Kluwer |isbn=978-1844650859}}{{#scite:Shapere (1980) |type=collection |author=Shapere, Dudley |title=The Character of Scientific Change |year=1980 |collectioneditor=Nickles |collectionyear=1980 |pages=61-116}}Guidelines]]
→Articles in Collections
<blockquote>There is good reason to believe that a general TSC is not only theoretically possible, but also practically achievable. Indeed, no serious scientist would ever take initial failures in finding regularities as a reason for despair. Physicists, for instance, do not stop searching for general laws when their initial attempts fail to produce the desired results. Likewise, no level of complexity or apparent disunity of historical episodes can justify the particularist abolition of the idea of a general TSC.[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)]]</blockquote>
<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict"code>{{#scite:Laudan <nowiki>Lakatos (19891978a) |type=journal |author=Laudan, Larry |title=If It Ain't Broke Don't Fix It |journal=The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science |volume=40 |year=1989 |pages=369-375}}</syntaxhighlightnowiki></code>[[CiteRef::Lakatos (1978a)]]
{{note}} Articles from ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (SEP) must be cited as ''collection articles''. Please refer to [[Bird (2011)]] for an example of how SEP articles are to be entered. == Online Resources == Articles To indicate that a resource is available online, simply add its URL in Collections the respective field. No additional actions are required. == Publication Year ==A resource can have more than one editions. When creating a bibliographic record for a publication, the year of actual publication should be used, rather than the year of first publication. For articles example, Descartes' ''Treatise on Man'' was originally published in 1664, but if you are using the translation of the ''Treatise'' published by Prometheus Books in 2003, then the citation key should be <code><nowiki>Descartes (2003)</nowiki></code>, not <code><nowiki>Descartes (1664)</nowiki></code>. If needed, you can indicate the date of original publication in the abstract. If an author has more than one publication in collectionsthe same year, then these publications should be differentiated by adding a letter after the year of the publication, e.g. <code><nowiki>Lakatos (1978a)</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>Lakatos (1978b)</nowiki></code>.[[CiteRef::Lakatos (1978a)]][[CiteRef::Lakatos (1978b)]] == Page Numbers ==Whenever the source you are citing is a book (rather than a book section or paper), you should '''always''' give the relevant page numbers. Whenever you are directly quoting the source, you should '''always''' give the page number, regardless of the nature of the source. To indicate a specific page of the citation, please add <code><nowiki>|p. <pagenumber></nowiki></code> to the <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef...]]</nowiki></code> annotation. For example, <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|p. xii]]</nowiki></code> will produce this result:[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|p. xii]]. For references to '''multiple pages''', please use <code><nowiki>|pp.</nowiki></code> instead of <code><nowiki>|p.</nowiki></code>, e.g. <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|pp. 1-3]]</nowiki></code>:[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|pp. 1-3]] {{note}} There should be '''no space''' between <code><nowiki>|</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>p.</nowiki></code>, but there must be a space ''before'' the page number. Thus, <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)| p.xii]]</nowiki></code> is incorrect, while <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|p. xii]]</nowiki></code> is correct. == Multiple Authors or Editors ==If a resource has more than one author or editor, please make sure that each author/editor is added to the system individually and all names are indicated when defining the resource. === Up to Three Authors or Editors ===If a resource has up to three authors or editors, all of them will be openly listed. E.g.: <code><nowiki>Nola and Sankey (Eds.) (2000)</nowiki></code>[[CiteRef::Nola and Sankey (Eds.) (2000)]]<code><nowiki>Donovan, Laudan, and Laudan (Eds.) (1988)</nowiki></code>[[CiteRef::Donovan, Laudan, and Laudan (Eds.) (1988)]] Note, that the names are separated with commas, as well as an <code><nowiki>and</nowiki></code>. === More than Three Authors or Editors ===If a resource has more than three authors/editors, please use <code><nowiki>et al.</nowiki></code> in the citation key of the following formatresource. E.g.: <code><nowiki>Olby et al. (Eds.) (1990)</nowiki></code>[[CiteRef::Shapere Olby et al. (Eds.) (19801990)]] However, ''all'' the authors/editors should still be listed as such when entering the bibliographic record of the resource.
== Indicating the Page Number = Missing Letter ===To indicate When entering a resource, it is important to check if the author had other publications in the same year. If so, a specific page letter should be added after the year of the citation, please add <code><nowiki>|p.<pagenumber></nowiki></code> resource to differentiate the <code><nowiki>[[CiteRefpublications within the same year, e.g.e.]]</nowiki></code> annotationg. For example, <code><nowiki>[[CiteRef::Barseghyan Feyerabend (20151975a)|p.xii]]</nowiki></code> will produce this result: [[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|p.xii]]. == Multiple Authors ==If a resource has more than one author, instead of the and <code><nowiki>|author=Feyerabend (1975b)</nowiki></code> parameter use <code><nowiki>|authors=</nowiki></code> (plural) parameter:[[Nola and Sankey (Eds.) (2015)]] If the letters are missing, different resources cannot be properly differentiated.
